When you want to determine property’s taxability for Michigan Sales and Use Tax there are three factors to determine whether an item is tangible personal property or a fixture attached to the real estate:

1. 1. Whether there is actual or constructive annexation of the item to real estate – An object will not be determined to be a fixture unless it is attached or affixed in some manner to the realty. Michigan courts acknowledge that there are “innumerable ways” that items may be attached or affixed to real estate. Actual attachment or affixation can be as slight as being bolted or anchored to the ground. Constructive attachment or affixation occurs when an item whose weight, size or character are such that the intent of placing the item was to have that item become part of the real estate even if that object is not physically attached to the real estate.
   2. Whether the item is an adaptation to the real estate – An object meets this criterion if the item modifies or adapts the application or use of the building. Examples include: a drive up window either at a fast food restaurant or bank, dock seals or doors, or seating which is attached to the floor inside of a venue such as an arena or theater.
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