Understanding Changing Tax Laws 2024

The 2024 tax season brings new legislation that affects businesses of all sizes. Let us provide key post-tax season insights into the recent legislative changes and how they impact different business structures. We’ll also guide accounting firms, CPAs, and tax preparers in identifying proactive tax planning strategies for the upcoming year.

Key Insights of Recent Legislative Changes

The 2024 tax season introduces legislative changes that demand attention from every accounting professional and tax preparer. Accountants & Advisors highlight several crucial updates to businesses. First off, the adjustments to tax brackets and bigger deductions for some business expenses are vital changes. These updates are designed to reduce the tax load on small to medium-sized businesses, helping them as part of wider efforts to boost the economy.

Furthermore, there’s a significant change in how capital gains are taxed, particularly for real estate transactions. This development is critical for firms that manage large real estate portfolios. The new rules can impact the tax liabilities of these businesses, so you must be prepared with strategic planning. Accountants and advisors recommend that you must thoroughly review these changes to make sure you make the most of any tax benefits and gather valuable post-tax season insights for future planning.
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Chevron Dethroned: Supreme Court Reverses Course On Deference

On June 28, 2024, the US Supreme Court overturned its 40-year-old precedent concerning deference (often referred to as “Chevron deference”) given to a federal agency’s interpretation of a statute in Loper Bright Enterprises, et. al., v. Gina Raimondo, No. 22-451 (S. Ct. 2024). Since the issuance of the Loper Bright opinion, tax professionals have been speculating as to the impact of the opinion. For example, see our email blast on July 2, 2024.

Exhibit 2 from the 2022 Tax Forum was a simplified version of the facts in the case of Tribune Media Co., et al. v. Commissioner, TC Memo 2021-122 (Oct. 26, 2021), which involved the sale of the Chicago Cubs to the Ricketts family. Unlike the senior debt, the junior debt was determined by the court to be equity and, therefore, treated as additional sale consideration rather than a debt-financed distribution under Reg. §1.707-5(b) (that is not tainted by the disguised sale rules). One of the issues in Tribune Media, now pending in the Seventh Circuit Court of Appeals, is the “general” partnership anti-abuse rule of Reg. §1.701-2, which is the topic of today’s email.

On July 3, 2024, counsel for Tribune Media submitted a letter to the Seventh Circuit Court of Appeals about the impact of Loper Bright on the validity of the partnership anti-abuse rule of Reg. §1.701-2. In the letter, counsel claimed that the regulation is an “extraordinarily broad assertion of agency authority,” and that “the agency [i.e., Treasury] even contends that it can invalidate a transaction that follows ‘the literal words’ of a statute that Congress enacted.” Counsel reiterated that “Loper Bright confirms that this Court should scrutinize [Treasury’s] assertion of authority carefully to ensure that the agency stayed within permissible statutory bounds.”
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Vermont Is The Latest State To Administer The Taxability Of SaaS

If you’re a frequent reader of our blogs, you know that we regularly report on the taxability of Software-as-a service (SaaS). Today, we report that Vermont has joined the ranks of states that do require sales tax collection on revenue from SaaS. In a recently updated previous blog (What To Know About The Taxability Of SaaS In 18 Key States – Multi State Tax Solutions | Miles Consulting Group), we discuss where SaaS is taxable in 20 states (and also certain local jurisdictions). As of July 1, 2024, we can now add Vermont to that list of taxable states.

Effective July 1, 2024, a new law in Vermont repeals its sales and use tax exemption on prewritten computer software accessed remotely (i.e., cloud software), thus subjecting items like software as a service to Vermont’s sales and use tax rate of 6%.

The amendment reads that “Tangible Personal Property” means personal property that may be seen, weighed, measured, felt, touched, or in any other manner perceived by the senses. “Tangible personal property” includes electricity, water, gas, steam, and prewritten computer software regardless of the method in which the prewritten computer software is paid for, delivered, or accessed.

If your company is doing business in Vermont and is selling the SaaS product in Vermont too, Miles Consulting Group can assist with any questions that you may have.

Book a consultation, drop us a line, or send us an email at info@milesconsultinggroup.com.

Virginia Offers One-Time Safe Harbor for Contractor Sales and Use Tax Remittance

Virginia has introduced a new policy allowing a one-time safe harbor for contractors who have omitted or inaccurately remitted retail sales and use taxes. Starting from July 1, 2024, the Department of Taxation can use a contractor’s erroneously collected retail sales tax payments to offset a use tax assessment related to the transaction.

How To Qualify

To qualify for this safe harbor, the contractor must demonstrate that the property for which sales tax was incorrectly collected and remitted is the same property used in realty and is subject to a use tax assessment.

Next Steps

After receiving this relief, the contractor must either pay sales tax to its vendors or remit the use tax directly to the Department for its purchases of tangible personal property used in its real property contracts. This relief is a one-time opportunity designed to help contractors in response to industry confusion. This new policy is aimed at providing a temporary reprieve for contractors who may have inadvertently erred in their tax remittances, offering them a chance to rectify the situation and ensure compliance with tax regulations moving forward.

For more information, reach out to Thompson Tax today. We are your Trusted Tax Advisors.

CA Supreme Court Removes Taxpayer Protection Initiative From November Ballot

“The liberal justices of the California Supreme Court sided with California’s corrupt politicians to strip citizens of the initiative rights that they have had for over 112 years.” – Carl DeMaio
The California Supreme Court sided with Gavin Newsom and California Democrat politicians in removing the California Taxpayer Protection Initiative from the November ballot.

The California Taxpayer Protection Initiative (CTPI) is a citizens initiative that collected the required amount of valid signatures — over 1.4 million — from Californians to be placed on the ballot. The measure would make it harder for state and local politicians to impose costly and unfair tax hikes — the reason that politicians sued to block it from the ballot.

Specificialy, the California Taxpayer Protection Initiative would:

-Restore a two-thirds vote for any tax hike – thus ending the way they imposed the car and gas takes hikes recently
-Impose a stricter definition on what is a “tax” so politicians can’t call them “fees”
-Require the words “tax increase” be included on the official title of any measure that appears on the ballot that contains a tax hike inside of it, and
-Repeal dozens of tax hikes imposed after Jan 1, 2022 – immediately saving taxpayers money Carl DeMaio, a candidate for State Assembly and chairman of the tax-fighting group Reform California — which helped collect signatures to place the initiative on the ballot, says that the decision stripped citizens initiative rights.

“The liberal justices of the California Supreme Court sided with California’s corrupt politicians to strip citizens of the initiative rights that they have had for over 112 years,” said Demaio. “By removing the California Taxpayer Protection Initiative from the November ballot, the Sacramento Swamp has shown how far they will go in their abuse of power to silence their opposition and prevent reform from happening.”
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PROJECT 2025

While everyone is talking about the Heritage Foundations Project 2025, it is valuable to read the section on Tax Policy in Section 4, The Economy about the Department of Treasury which starts here:

INTRODUCTION
The U.S. Treasury Department has a broad regulatory and policy reach. The next Administration should make major policy changes to:
(1) reduce regulatory impediments to economic growth that reduce living standards and endanger prosperity;
(2) reduce regulatory compliance costs that increase prices and cost jobs;
(3) promote fiscal responsibility;
(4) promote the international competitiveness of U.S. businesses; and
(5) better respect the American people’s due process and privacy rights.

These goals should be accomplished through: executive action (primarily treasury orders and treasury directives) and departmental reorganization; rulemakings; promoting constructive policies in Congress; actions in international organizations; and treaties.

The primary subject matter focus of the incoming Administration’s Treasury Department should be:
– Tax policy and tax administration;
– Fiscal responsibility;
– Improved financial regulation;
– Addressing the economic and financial aspects of the geopolitical threat posed by China and other hostile countries;
– Reform of the anti-money laundering and beneficial ownership reporting systems;
– Reversal of the racist “equity” agenda of the Biden Administration; and
– Reversal of the economically destructive and in elective climate-related financial-risk agenda of the Biden Administration.

BIDEN ADMINISTRATION TREASURY DEPARTMENT
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Join Us Thursday July 18th For A CPE Webinar On § 174 Updates

Join us Thursday July 18th at 10 AM CST for a CPE Webinar on § 174 Updates.

Participants will gain an understanding of the current landscape, legislative updates, and best practices for advising clients on navigating the amortization of § 174 expenses. This course introduces participants to the amortization of specified research and experimental expenditures (SREs) for federal income tax purposes. The relationship of SREs to the research tax credit will be developed. Other TCJA changes to research-related provisions of the Code will also be discussed.

After this course, the practitioner will:
• Identify taxpayers who are required to amortize under § 174
• Identify the types of expenditures that need to be amortized
• Quantify the impact of that amortization as well as identify mitigating factors

We look forward to your participation in this informative session.
Register for CPE Course!

Prerequisites: At least two years preparing intermediately complex business income tax returns. No advance preparation is required.
Recommended Credit: 1.0 hour CPE in the field of Taxes delivered by Group Internet

Attendance Policy: To receive credit, attendees must sign in and be present for the presentation and respond to at least three instances of the attendance monitoring mechanisms per hour of instruction
Refund Policy: Refunds are not issued as this course is complimentary
Eric Larson
(800) 806-7626

eric.larson@sourceadvisors.com

Helping Some Taxpayers But With Much Complexity - SECURE Act 2.0 Sec. 115 Emergency Withdrawals

SECURE Act 2,0 with over 60 provisions mostly all related to retirement plans, was enacted December 29, 2022 as part of the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2023 (P.L. 117-238). I maintain a table of the provisions, summary from the Senate Finance Committee of each provision, effective date, and any guidance from the IRS.

SEC. 115 of the SECURE Act is called “Withdrawals for Certain Emergency Expenses.” It is well-intended to allow individuals to withdraw up to $1,000 from their eligible retirement account every three years without the 10% additional tax of IRC §72(t), if the funds are for distributions used for certain emergency expenses, to meet “unforeseeable or immediate financial needs relating to necessary personal or family emergency expenses.” SEC. 115 is on pages 838-839 of P.L. 117-238.

IRC §72(t)(2)(I) covering this additional tax exception is 504 words long and in addition to defining emergency expenses, also provides:

The individual may only make one distribution per year, and it may not exceed the lesser of $1,000 or “an amount equal to the excess of “(I) the individual’s total nonforfeitable accrued benefit under the plan (the individual’s total interest in the plan in the case of an individual retirement plan), determined as of the date of each such distribution, over ‘‘(II) $1,000.”
The plan administrator may rely on employee’s written certification that the exception is met.
The IRS can issue regulations where the employee statement doesn’t apply if the administrator “has actual knowledge” contrary to the certification, and procedures to address cases of employee misrepresentation.
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Tax Home: IRS Definition And Implications

KEY POINTS OF IRS DEFINITION:

General Area of Business Activity: The IRS defines your tax home as the “entire city or general area” of your regular workplace or place of business, regardless of where your personal residence is located.

Multiple Workplaces: If you have multiple workplaces, your tax home is generally the location where you spend the most time and have the greatest business activity. For example, if you spend more time and conduct more business in New York compared to London, New York would be considered your tax home.
No Fixed Workplace: For those without a fixed workplace, such as itinerant workers or remote employees, your tax home may be the place where you regularly live. This can apply even if this location is not where you conduct the majority of your business activities.

Maintaining a Residence: To establish a tax home, you need to maintain a residence in that location and incur regular living expenses such as rent, mortgage, utilities, and other day-to-day expenses. Using a relative’s address or a nominal rental arrangement does not qualify as maintaining a tax home.

Travel Expense Deductions: The location of your tax home is important because it determines whether your travel expenses away from that location can be deducted as business expenses.
Distinction from Permanent Residence: Your tax home is distinct from your permanent residence or domicile. While your permanent residence is your long-term, permanent home where you intend to return, your tax home is your primary place of business or employment.
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Join Us Thursday July 18th For A CPE Webinar On § 174 Updates

Join us Thursday July 18th at 10 AM CST for a CPE Webinar on § 174 Updates.

Participants will gain an understanding of the current landscape, legislative updates, and best practices for advising clients on navigating the amortization of § 174 expenses. This course introduces participants to the amortization of specified research and experimental expenditures (SREs) for federal income tax purposes. The relationship of SREs to the research tax credit will be developed. Other TCJA changes to research-related provisions of the Code will also be discussed.

After this course, the practitioner will:
• Identify taxpayers who are required to amortize under § 174
• Identify the types of expenditures that need to be amortized
• Quantify the impact of that amortization as well as identify mitigating factors

We look forward to your participation in this informative session.
Register for CPE Course!

Prerequisites: At least two years preparing intermediately complex business income tax returns. No advance preparation is required.
Recommended Credit: 1.0 hour CPE in the field of Taxes delivered by Group Internet

Attendance Policy: To receive credit, attendees must sign in and be present for the presentation and respond to at least three instances of the attendance monitoring mechanisms per hour of instruction
Refund Policy: Refunds are not issued as this course is complimentary
Eric Larson
(800) 806-7626

eric.larson@sourceadvisors.com

Supreme Court Upholds Section 965 Mandatory Repatriation Tax

On June 20, 2024, the U.S. Supreme Court issued its long-anticipated decision in Moore v. United States, in which a 7-2 majority upheld the constitutionality of the mandatory repatriation tax (“MRT”) under section 965 of the Internal Revenue Code, which came into effect as part of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017.

As discussed previously here and he96re, the MRT is a one-time tax on U.S. shareholders of a controlled foreign corporation (“CFC”) based on the CFC’s post-1986 accumulated deferred foreign income.

The taxpayers in this case were a U.S. couple that invested in an Indian company that was a CFC. As a result, they were assessed the MRT. The taxpayers challenged the MRT on the grounds that it was a direct tax that was not apportioned as required under the Article I, Section 9, Clause 4 of the U.S. Constitution. Part of their argument was that the MRT did not meet the requirements of an income tax under the Sixteenth Amendment because there had been no realization event that would have caused the Indian CFC’s retained earnings to be taxed as income to the taxpayers. In this, the taxpayers relied on the Court’s 1920 decision in Eisner v. Macomber, which we’ve discussed here.

Delivering the Court’s majority opinion, Justice Kavanaugh found that the MRT was not a direct tax that needed to be apportioned under the Constitution. Kavanaugh argued that the appropriate question in this case was not whether realization is a constitutional requirement but whether the income in question could be attributed to the taxpayer (although he found that a realization event did occur when the Indian CFC earned that income). Kavanaugh looked to a long history of Congress permitting and the Court upholding the attribution of income earned by an entity to the entity’s owners. The taxpayers also conceded that such attribution in contexts other than the MRT was constitutional, including attribution required under Subpart F of the Internal Revenue Code, the subpart in which the MRT is found. Thus, a majority of the Court held the MRT to be constitutional.
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Supreme Court Issues Long- Awaited Opinion In Connelly V. United States About Corporate Owned Life Insurance

The Supreme Court issued its long-awaited opinion in Connelly v. United States (No. 23-146) on whether a corporation’s obligation to apply the amount of proceeds from corporate-owned life insurance to fund a mandatory redemption of stock on the death of a shareholder reduces the value of the corporate assets (i.e., offsets the insurance proceeds received by the corporation) when valuing the stock in the estate of the deceased shareholder. In a resounding taxpayer defeat by unanimous opinion, the Supreme Court said “no” and resolved a split between the Eighth Circuit in Connelly v. United States, 70 F.4d 412 (2023), and the Eleventh Circuit in Estate of Blount v. Commissioner, 87 TCM 1303 (2004), aff’d in part and rev’d in part, 428 F.3d 1338 (2005).

This fall’s Tax Planning Forum programs will discuss Connelly and a workaround that easily can be implemented in many closely held business situations by using a partnership to own the insurance, rather than the corporation, and thereby not increase the value of a decedent’s stock for estate tax valuation purposes by the corporation’s receipt of insurance proceeds. We will discuss how the partnership should be structured to meet the goals of the shareholders, which mirrors what would have occurred from an economic perspective had the policy been owned by the corporation. We also will delve into how to transfer insurance policies out of a corporation and avoid the impact of the §101(a)(2) transfer-for-value rules that can cause taxation of the life insurance proceeds, if those rules are not carefully navigated. Read More